Gyn clinical trials
79 Gyn trials (Medical Oncology and Radiation Oncology) summarized for fellows and board review, newest first within each disease. Each summary covers design, results, toxicity and what changed in practice.
Jump to: Endometrial · Endometrial - advanced · Ovarian - platinum-sens · Cervical - advanced · Ovarian - first-line · Vulvar · Cervical · Ovarian · Outcomes / guidelines · Ovarian - platinum-res · Epidemiology & Outcomes · Vulvar - advanced
Endometrial (12)
- GOG 249 J Clin Oncol 2019VBT + 3 cycles carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy is equivalent to pelvic EBRT for recurrence-free and overall survival in high-intermediate or high-risk stage I-II...
- GOG 258 N Engl J Med 2019Combined RT + chemotherapy did not improve RFS or OS vs chemotherapy alone for stage III-IVA endometrial cancer, while reducing locoregional recurrence with RT at the...
- NRG/RTOG 1203 J Clin Oncol 2018Pelvic IMRT significantly reduced patient-reported acute and late bowel toxicity compared to standard 4-field 3D-CRT for adjuvant pelvic RT in endometrial and...
- TCGA Endometrial Analysis 2013TCGA identified 4 molecular subtypes of endometrial cancer with distinct genomic profiles, prognostic implications, and therapeutic vulnerabilities, providing the...
- NSGO-9501/EORTC/MaNGO Pooled Eur J Cancer 2010Sequential chemotherapy + RT significantly improved PFS over RT alone in high-risk endometrial cancer (HR 0.63), with a non-significant trend toward OS benefit (HR...
- PORTEC-2 Lancet 2010VBT is non-inferior to pelvic EBRT for vaginal recurrence control in high-intermediate risk endometrial cancer, with significantly better bowel toxicity and quality...
- ASTEC/EN.5 Lancet 2009Adjuvant pelvic EBRT provides no OS benefit in stage I-II endometrial cancer and adds significant bowel and urinary toxicity. Locoregional recurrence reduction with...
- GOG 122 JCO 2006AP chemotherapy was superior to WAI in both PFS and OS for advanced (stage III-IV) endometrial cancer with ≤2 cm residual disease, establishing systemic chemotherapy...
- GOG-99 Gynecol Oncol 2004Pelvic EBRT significantly reduced recurrence after comprehensive surgical staging in stage I-II endometrial cancer but did not improve OS. The HIR subgroup had the...
- PORTEC-1 Lancet 2000Pelvic EBRT significantly reduced locoregional recurrence in intermediate-risk stage I endometrial cancer but provided no OS benefit, and was associated with late...
- GOG 92 Gynecol Oncol 1999Adjuvant pelvic radiation after radical hysterectomy significantly reduced recurrence rates in intermediate-risk cervical cancer, establishing postoperative RT as...
- Milan Trial Lancet 1997Radical surgery and radical radiotherapy produce equivalent survival outcomes (OS and DFS) in stage Ib-IIa cervical cancer. However, surgery is associated with...
Endometrial - advanced (11)
- PORTEC-4a 2026PORTEC-4a prospectively validates de-escalation of adjuvant RT for POLE-mutated endometrial carcinoma, demonstrating safety of omitting treatment in carefully...
- PORTEC-3 Lancet Oncol 2025At 10 years, adjuvant CRT significantly improves both OS and RFS over RT alone in high-risk endometrial cancer, confirming the durability of the benefit first...
- AtTEnd Lancet Oncol 2024Atezolizumab plus carboplatin-paclitaxel significantly improved PFS in dMMR endometrial cancer and in the overall population, with a particularly striking benefit in...
- DESTINY-PanTumor02 JCO 2024T-DXd demonstrated clinically meaningful ORR across HER2-expressing solid tumors, with particularly notable activity in endometrial (57.5%) and cervical (50.0%)...
- DUO-E/ENGOT-EN10/GOG-3084-AGO JCO 2024Both durvalumab alone and durvalumab + olaparib maintenance significantly improved PFS versus placebo in advanced/recurrent endometrial cancer, with the greatest...
- NRG-GY018 NEJM 2023Adding pembrolizumab to standard carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy significantly improved PFS in both dMMR and pMMR advanced/recurrent endometrial cancer. The dMMR...
- RUBY NEJM 2023Dostarlimab plus carboplatin-paclitaxel significantly improved PFS in both dMMR and all-comers with advanced or recurrent endometrial cancer, with a dramatic benefit...
- GARNET J Immunother Cancer 2022Dostarlimab monotherapy achieved a 43.5% ORR with durable responses (median DOR not reached) in heavily pretreated dMMR/MSI-H endometrial carcinoma, supporting the...
- KEYNOTE-775 NEJM 2022Lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab significantly improved PFS and OS compared with chemotherapy in previously treated advanced endometrial cancer - including in pMMR (MSS)...
- HER2+ uterine serous carcinoma Clin Cancer Res 2020Adding trastuzumab to carboplatin/paclitaxel improved PFS and OS in advanced/recurrent HER2/neu-positive uterine serous carcinoma, with greatest benefit in stage...
- KEYNOTE-158 Lancet Oncol 2020Pembrolizumab achieved durable ORR (34.3% overall, up to 57.1% in endometrial) across MSI-H/dMMR tumor types, establishing the first tissue-agnostic biomarker-guided...
Ovarian - platinum-sens (10)
- GOG 3026 / GCIG Maintenance Trial Oncology Research 2025GCIG biochemical criteria miss 46.3% of progressing patients during PARPi maintenance. New CA125 ≥3× nadir criterion improves sensitivity and NPV while maintaining...
- GOG-281/LOGS Lancet 2022Trametinib significantly improved PFS and ORR compared with standard therapy in recurrent LGSOC, with a clinically meaningful quadrupling of ORR (26% vs 6%)...
- SOLO-2 Lancet Oncol 2021Olaparib maintenance provides a clinically meaningful but statistically non-significant OS benefit (+12.9 months, HR 0.74) in gBRCAm platinum-sensitive recurrent...
- ALIENOR JAMA Oncol 2020Bevacizumab added to weekly paclitaxel does not improve the 6-month PFS rate beyond paclitaxel alone in relapsed sex cord-stromal tumors (Bayesian probability of...
- GOG 213 N Engl J Med 2019Adding bevacizumab to carboplatin + paclitaxel followed by bevacizumab maintenance significantly improved OS (42.2 vs 37.3 months, HR 0.82) and PFS in...
- ARIEL3 Lancet 2017Rucaparib maintenance significantly improved PFS across all biomarker groups in platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer, with greatest benefit in BRCAm (HR 0.23)...
- SOLO2 Lancet Oncol 2017Olaparib maintenance dramatically improved PFS (HR 0.30; 19.1 vs 5.5 months) in BRCA-mutated platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer, with a non-significant trend...
- NOVA/ENGOT-OV16 N Engl J Med 2016Niraparib significantly improved PFS across all patient subgroups regardless of BRCA or HRD status, with greatest benefit in gBRCAm (HR 0.27), clinically meaningful...
- OCEANS JCO 2012Adding bevacizumab to gemcitabine-carboplatin significantly improved PFS (12.4 vs 8.4 months, HR 0.484) and ORR in platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer, though...
- STUDY 19 NEJM 2012Olaparib maintenance significantly prolonged PFS versus placebo in platinum-sensitive relapsed ovarian cancer, with greatest benefit in BRCA-mutated patients...
Cervical - advanced (8)
- innovaTV-301 NEJM 2024Tisotumab vedotin improved OS, PFS, and ORR vs chemotherapy in recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer after first-line therapy; first tissue-factor-targeted ADC with an...
- INTERLACE Lancet 2024Induction carboplatin-paclitaxel before CRT significantly improved 5-year PFS and OS in locally advanced cervical cancer, with a clinically meaningful absolute...
- KEYNOTE-A18 Lancet 2024Adding pembrolizumab to chemoradiotherapy significantly improved both PFS and OS in high-risk locally advanced cervical cancer, establishing the first new standard of...
- BEATcc Lancet 2023Adding atezolizumab to bevacizumab plus platinum-based chemotherapy significantly improved both PFS and OS in treatment-naive metastatic, persistent, or recurrent...
- EMPOWER-Cervical 1 NEJM 2022Cemiplimab significantly improved OS compared with single-agent chemotherapy in platinum-refractory recurrent cervical cancer, with lower rates of Grade ≥3 AEs than...
- EMBRACE-I Lancet Oncol 2021MRI-guided adaptive brachytherapy integrated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy achieved excellent local control (92% at 5 years) with acceptable late morbidity...
- KEYNOTE-826 NEJM 2021Adding pembrolizumab to platinum-paclitaxel ± bevacizumab significantly improved both PFS and OS in persistent/recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer, with a 7.9-month...
- GOG-240 NEJM 2014Adding bevacizumab to cisplatin-paclitaxel significantly improved OS, PFS, and ORR in recurrent/metastatic cervical cancer, establishing the first molecularly...
Ovarian - first-line (8)
- KEYLYNK-001 trial Lancet Oncol 2026Adding pembrolizumab plus olaparib maintenance significantly improved PFS versus chemotherapy in BRCA non-mutated advanced ovarian cancer. The pembrolizumab-alone arm...
- DUO-O/ENGOT-ov46 Ann Oncol 2026Adding durvalumab plus olaparib to bevacizumab-based first-line therapy significantly improved PFS in HRD-positive and ITT non-BRCA-mutated advanced ovarian cancer...
- PAOLA-1 NEJM 2019Olaparib + bevacizumab maintenance dramatically improved PFS in HRd/BRCAm patients (HR 0.33; 37.2 vs 17.7 months) with minimal benefit in HRp patients (HR 0.92)...
- PRIMA NEJM 2019Niraparib maintenance significantly improved PFS across all populations (HRd, overall) in newly diagnosed ovarian cancer, supporting its use as first-line maintenance...
- VELIA N Engl J Med 2019Veliparib added throughout chemotherapy and as maintenance significantly improved PFS vs placebo in newly diagnosed ovarian cancer (HR 0.68), with greatest benefit in...
- SOLO1 N Engl J Med 2018Olaparib maintenance after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy dramatically improved PFS in BRCA-mutated ovarian cancer (HR 0.30), with ~28% absolute difference in...
- ICON 7 Lancet Oncol 2015Bevacizumab provided a statistically significant but modest PFS benefit overall, with no OS benefit in all patients; an exploratory survival benefit was seen in the...
- GOG 218 NEJM 2011Bevacizumab added throughout first-line treatment (concurrent + maintenance) significantly prolonged PFS in newly diagnosed advanced ovarian cancer, but did not...
Vulvar (8)
- GROINSS-V II Int J Gynecol Cancer 2019Inguinofemoral RT alone achieves excellent groin control (2-year recurrence 1.6%) in SN-positive vulvar cancer with lower lymphedema than full IFL. IF-RT is a safe...
- NCDB Rao Gynecol Oncol 2017Population-level data confirm adjuvant RT is associated with improved survival in lymph node-positive and margin-positive vulvar cancer, supporting postoperative RT....
- GOG 205 Gynecol Oncol 2012Neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemoradiation achieves high pCR (57% of all patients; 82.5% of those resected) in locally advanced vulvar cancer, avoiding exenteration...
- GOG 37 Obstet Gynecol 2009Adjuvant inguinofemoral and pelvic radiation therapy significantly improves overall survival compared with pelvic lymph node dissection in patients with lymph...
- GROINSS-V I J Clin Oncol 2008Sentinel node biopsy is safe and accurate in T1-T2N0 vulvar cancer - groin recurrence only 2.3% in SN-negative patients with dramatically less morbidity than full...
- GOG 36 Gynecol Oncol 1993Multiple pathologic factors independently predict groin node metastasis in vulvar SCC-most importantly depth of stromal invasion, LVSI, and tumor size-while number of...
- GOG 88 Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 1992Superficial inguinofemoral radiation as administered in this trial was inferior to inguinal-femoral lymphadenectomy for groin control in early vulvar cancer. The key...
- UCLA/City of Hope Gynecol Oncol 1990Surgical margin <8 mm (fixed tissue) is associated with markedly higher local recurrence (48%) vs ≥8 mm (0%), establishing the ≥8 mm fixed-tissue (≈10 mm...
Cervical (7)
- LACC N Engl J Med 2018Minimally invasive radical hysterectomy was significantly inferior to open abdominal radical hysterectomy for early-stage cervical cancer, with substantially higher...
- RetroEMBRACE Radiother Oncol 2016MRI-guided adaptive brachytherapy after EBRT±CCRT achieves excellent 3-yr local control (91%) with low late morbidity in locally advanced cervical cancer, reducing...
- NCDB Chemo-RT Gynecol Oncol 2014Adding concurrent chemotherapy to RT is associated with significantly improved OS in stage II-IVA squamous cell carcinoma of the vagina (HR 0.76), mirroring locally...
- Argentinian/CECOG Trial J Clin Oncol 2011Adding gemcitabine to concurrent cisplatin chemoradiation followed by adjuvant gemcitabine-cisplatin significantly improved 3-year OS and PFS in locally advanced...
- GOG 109 J Clin Oncol 2000Concurrent cisplatin-based chemoradiation significantly improves PFS and OS compared with pelvic radiotherapy alone in high-risk post-hysterectomy cervical cancer....
- GOG 120 J Clin Oncol 1999Both cisplatin-based regimens (weekly cisplatin alone and cisplatin+5-FU+HU) produced significantly superior progression-free and overall survival compared with...
- RTOG 9001 N Engl J Med 1999Concurrent cisplatin-based chemoradiation to the pelvis is superior to extended-field radiotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer, improving both DFS and OS...
Ovarian (5)
- Lazzari SBRT Oligometastatic Ovarian Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018SBRT for oligometastatic platinum-sensitive recurrent ovarian cancer was feasible and safe with high local control (88.1%) and a median 13 months before next systemic...
- Brown IMRT Recurrent Ovarian Gynecol Oncol 2013Salvage IMRT for isolated locoregionally recurrent ovarian cancer provides durable locoregional control (52% at 3 yr) and OS (52% at 3 yr) with acceptable toxicity in...
- GOG 7602 (WAI vs IP 32-P) J Clin Oncol 2003WAI and IP 32-P had equivalent efficacy for early-stage high-risk ovarian cancer, but WAI was associated with significantly more late bowel toxicity (obstruction...
- Chiara Genova Trial (Chemo vs WART) Am J Clin Oncol 1994Cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy was superior to WART in disease-free and overall survival for early-to-intermediate stage ovarian cancer, supporting...
- Dembo Pelvic RT vs WART Cancer 1985WART significantly improved relapse-free and overall survival compared to pelvic RT alone in stage II ovarian cancer, establishing whole abdominal coverage as...
Outcomes / guidelines (4)
- SEER Orton Gynecol Oncol 2016Population-level data confirm RT is the predominant modality for primary vaginal cancer, with concurrent chemotherapy use increasing over time and associated with...
- Harvard PLoS One 2013Definitive RT achieves durable local control with acceptable toxicity in primary vaginal cancer, stage being the dominant prognostic factor. The trend toward improved...
- MDACC Frank Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2005Definitive RT achieves durable locoregional control in primary vaginal cancer, with outcomes strongly stage-dependent. Brachytherapy is essential; interstitial is...
- NCDB Creasman Cancer 1998Primary vaginal cancer is rare with stage-dependent survival. Stage I has excellent relative survival (~96%); advanced stages carry poor prognosis. Squamous and...
Ovarian - platinum-res (4)
- ENGOT-ov65 / KEYNOTE-B96 Lancet 2026Pembrolizumab plus weekly paclitaxel with or without bevacizumab significantly improves PFS and OS in platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer. New treatment...
- ROSELLA Lancet 2026Relacorilant plus nab-paclitaxel significantly improves OS in platinum-resistant ovarian cancer without need for biomarker selection. Median OS gain of 4.1 months...
- MIRASOL NEJM 2023Mirvetuximab soravtansine significantly improved PFS, OS, and ORR versus chemotherapy in FRα-high platinum-resistant ovarian cancer, with a more favorable toxicity...
- AURELIA JCO 2014Bevacizumab added to chemotherapy significantly improved PFS (6.7 vs 3.4 months, HR 0.48) and ORR in platinum-resistant recurrent ovarian cancer, though no OS benefit...
Epidemiology & Outcomes (1)
- BRCA1/2 Hereditary Ovarian Cancer Breast Risk Cancer Diagnosis & Prognosis 2026BRCA testing identifies hereditary cancer risk in 12.1% of breast cancer patients; higher rates (20%) in postoperative follow-up suggest systematic underestimation at...
Vulvar - advanced (1)
- NRG/GOG 279 JCO 2024Concurrent cisplatin-gemcitabine with IMRT achieved a 73% complete pathologic response rate and 74% 12-month PFS in locally advanced unresectable vulvar squamous cell...