Study aid only. Verify against current guidelines, primary literature, staging manuals, and prescribing information before clinical use.

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Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (MIBC) — Treatment

Muscle-invasive bladder cancer cT2–4a N0 M0 Cisplatin-eligible Adjuvant (high-risk, no neoadj IO) Bladder preservation Cisplatin-ineligible Neoadjuvant ddMVAC or GC → cystectomy cisplatin-based Perioperative Durvalumab + chemo NIAGARA ↗ Adjuvant Nivolumab CheckMate 274 ↗ Trimodality Max TURBT + chemoRT selected patients Definitive Cystectomy or chemoRT per fitness